Martino



UNITED STATES PATENT Fries.

FREDERICK WILLIAM MARTINO, OE SHEFFIELD, AND FRANCIS RICHARD MARTINO, OFBIRMINGHAM, ENGLAND.

METALLIC ALLOY.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 489,314, dated January3, 1893.

Application filed 8eptember 13I 1892. Serial No. 445,800. (Nospecimens.) Patented in England September 18. 1890, No. 14,768 in FranceJune 26, 1891,170. 214,415; in Belgium June 26, 1891,1il0. 95,425; inGermany July 3, 189L110. 62,852, and

in Austria-Hungary November 27, 1891, No. 32,235.

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that we, FREDERICK WILLIAM MARTINO, residing at Sheffield,and FRANCIS RICHARD MARTINO, residing at Birmingham, England, subjectsof the Queen of Great Britain, have invented certain new and ImprovedMetallic Alloys, (for which we have received Letters Patent in England,No. 14.768, dated September 18, 1890; in France, No. 214,415, dated June26, 1891; in Belgium, No. 95,425, dated June 26, 1891; in Germany, No.62,852, dated July 3, 1891, and in Austria-Hungary, No. 32,235, datedNovember 27, 1891;) and we do hereby declare that the following is afull, clear, and exact description of the invention, which will enableothers skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use thesame.

The said invention consists of metallic alloys having the compositionhereinafter described which said alloys are specially fitted for themanufacture of boring and cutting tools. Tools made of the said alloyshave the hardness of tools made up of hardened and tempered steel andare not liable to lose their hardness in use by the heat of friction astools made of ordinary steel are. The said alloys are also of usegenerally for such purposes as hardened and tempered steel is appliedto. The alloys constituting the said invention have the same generalcomposition and properties but vary in the quantity or percentage oftheir constituents to suit them for special purposes.

The following is the composition of an alloy made according to ourinvention and suitable for the manufacture of boring tools such asdrills, milling-cutters, reamers and the like.

In one hundred parts. Pig iron 17.25

Ferro-manganese 3.00

Chromium 1.50

Metallic tungsten 5.25

Metallic aluminium 1.25

Nickel 0.50

Copper 0.75

Bar iron 70.50

The following is the composition of an alloy made according to ourinvention and suitable for the manufacture of nail-cutting blades,cutting blades for machines, cutting out tools and the like.

In one hundred parts. 7

Pig iron 1.7.25

Ferro-manganese 4.50

Chromium 2.00

Metallic tungsten 7.50

Metallic aluminium 2.00

Nickel 075 Copper 1.00

Bar iron (Swedish) 65.00

In making either of the alloys described in the foregoing formulas wemelt the following metals first; namely, pig iron, ferro-manganese,chromium and tungsten and employ for that purpose graphite crucibles andcover the contents of the crucibles with stick charcoal or fragments ofcharcoal and with thin layers of dried or calcined boraX. \Ve prefer tomelt the pig iron and tungsten first and to add the other materials tothe melted mixture. After having thus made this alloy in graphitecrucibles we remelt the same in clay crucibles together with the bariron adding afterward the nickel, copper and aluminium in theproportions described. \Ve prefer to add the nickel and copper in theform of an alloy instead of adding them separately, that is, we preferto employ an alloy of nickel and copper having the relative proportionsindicated. We cover the alloy in the clay crucibles withstick charcoalor fragments of charcoal with or without flux. The alloys constitutingthe Said invention may be cast in sand molds'into cutters and otherarticles in a manner similar to that in which articles in steel arecast.

For tools where in addition to hardness a certain amount of elasticityor springiness is required such as rolls, shear blades, drills and toolswhich are subject to great concussion such as punches and stampingtools, the alloys should be cast into ingots which, afterward can beforged, rolled or drawn into the required form. The said alloys havethehardness of hardened and tempered steel without the application ofthe hardening and tempering process and the hardness of tools made ofthe said alloys is not interfered with by heating them or by the heatdeveloped by friction in the use of the said tools.

Although we have described the proportions of the ingredients in themetallic alloys con stituting the said invention which we have found inpractice to answer well, yet we wish it to be understood, that We do notlimit ourselves to the precise particulars hereiubefore given as thesaid particulars may be slightly varied without materially alfecting theproperties of the said alloys. Neither do we limit ourselves to theprecise details hereinbefore given in conducting the manufacture of thesaid alloys as the process or processes may be FREDERICK WILLIAMMARTINO. FRANCIS RICHARD MARTINO.

Witnesses:

GEORGE SHAW, RICHARD SKERRETT.

